![]() ![]() Only individuals with an active infection can transmit the disease Transmission Direct sunlight quickly kills tuberculosis bacilli, but they can survive in the dark for several hours. Individuals with latent tuberculosis infection are not infectious, as they do not have replicating bacteria and cannot transmit the organism. Extra-pulmonary cases are almost not infectious, unless they have pulmonary tuberculosis as well.–3 consecutive negative sputum smears results from sputum collected on different days –Favorable clinical response to treatment –Received adequate treatment for 2-3 weeks Patients are not considered infectious if they meet all these criteria: Extrapulmonary TB patients are not infectious Have a poor clinical or bacterial response to treatment –Have sputum smears positive for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) and: –Are undergoing cough-inducing procedures Patients should be considered infectious if they: Probability that TB will be transmitted depends on: Infectiousness of person with TB disease Environment in which exposure occurred Length of exposure Virulence (strength) of the tubercle bacilli Probability of becoming infected varies depending on the distance between source and receptor. Patients with a positive smear are by far more infectious than those with a negative one and positive culture. of sputum to yield positive a smear, and 10,000 to identify a smear as positive with a 95% probability. Patient must be able to produce airborne infectious droplets. Characteristics of an infectious patient.Number of Droplets produced by DifferentAerosol Producing Maneuvers Number of droplets 01000020000300004000050000CoughingTalkingSingingLoudon RG, et al.Transmission occurs when another person inhales droplet nucleiĭots in air represent droplet nuclei containing tuberculosis may be expelled when an infectious person: TB is spread person to person through the air via droplet nuclei Module 1 – Transmission and Pathogenesis of Tuberculosis.TB disease most often affects the lungs, but can occur anywhere in the body. Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis human type or rarely M. ![]()
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